TO PREPARE NITROBENZENE AND DETERMINE IT'S BOILING POINT.

 

MATERIALS REQUIRED

• Beaker

• Thermometer 

• Separating Funnel

•  RB-flask

• measuring sylinder

• glass rod 

• Cork

CHEMICAL REQUIRED

• Benzene (5ml),

• Conc.HNO3 (ml)

• Conc. H2So4 (6.5ml)

preparation of Nitrobenzene

THEORY:

Principle:

In the lab nitrobenzene is prepared by treating benzene with nitrating mixture at about 6o°c as a result of electrophilic sub-stitution reaction.

PROCEDURE 

In a 500ml round bottom flask we took 6ml of conc. HNO3 and to it and added 6.5ml of conc. H2So4 in small portions with stirring and cooling in tap water - Then placed a thermorneter in nitrating mixture (mixture of acids) and added 5ml benzene in portions of 1ml at a time with continious stirring and cooling so that temp. doesn't rise above 60°c. After addition of entire benzene, we fitted & fask with reflux condencer and heated it under reflux in a water bath maintained at 60°c for about 30 mints. The flask was shaken frequently to ensure proper mixing of two layers cooled and poured the mixture in a beaker contain. cold water. ctirred well and transferred contents of beaker to a separating Funnel Allowed to settle and discarded the lower layer of acid washed the residual liquid first with water then with. dil. sodium carbonate soln and finally with excess water, discarding every time. the aqueonas layer. The nitrobenzene was then dried over anhydrous calcium chloride and transferred to 100ml distillation flask. Heated the flask on asbestos wire-gauze when any residual benzene distilled First (caution, highly in flamable) followed by niterbenzene a yellow liquid which was distilled between (206-210°c) (Do not heat the flask to dryness) The boiling point of nitrobenzere was observed 210°c

preparation of Nitrobenzene,

RESULT

Hence, nitrobenzene was prepared in laboratory and its boiling point was determined to be 210°C

CONCLUSION

Nitrobenzene can be prepared in the lab and its boiling point can also be determined