TO IDENTIFY GIVEN ORGANIC COMPOUND

 

APPARATUS REQUIRED

• Beakers

• test tubes

• test tubes holders

• burner

• Wire gauge

• tripod stand

• Conical flask

THEORY

Organic compounds are any of chemical compound in which one carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other most commonly H, O or N. They may be aliphatic or arometic. they have functional group, foreign element major carbon chain. They can be identified or applying by different tests

PROCEDURE

Detection of Physical Characters

a) State : Solid

b) Colour: White

c) Odour: Odourless

d) Solubility: Soluble in hot water

Detection of Foreign Element

To detect foreign element, sudium extract B prepared by fusing compound with sodium,

Prilimarily test for functional groups ( solution in Hot Water)

Reaction involved

RCOOH + NaHCO → RCOONA + CO2 + H2O

RCOOCH + dil NaOH →RCOONa + H2O

RCOONA + HCL → RCOOH + NaCl

From above experiments it was seen that the

compound was unsaturated, aromatic, having as functional group with no Foreign elements

hence further test was done for the expected.

 Determination of melting point of given compound

substance was put in capillary tube which was attached to thermometer & dipped into paraffin oil present in Thiel's tube noted after passing some heat.The melting point was found to be 121°C which was equal to theoritical m.p. of M.Tolic acid in List of possible compas: Benzoic acid 121°c 

  Preparation of Derivatives

To 0.2gm of acid in a test tube, 2m of

nitrating mixture (equal amount of conc HNO3

conc H2SO4) was added & heated carefully for 5-10 min cooled & poured in a beaker

containing water, then it was filtered & the

residue was found pale yellow solid. That was

dried by pressuring with dry filter paper.

 Determination of M.P. of derivative

same process as done for mp. of given Compound was done for derivative & the mp. was found to be 138° which indicated that the comp derivative was m-nitrobenzoic acid (actual m.p. 140.